Challenges of the national artificial intelligence plan from the perspective of the labor theory of value

Abstract

This article examines the challenges and implications of the Brazilian Artifi- cial Intelligence Plan 2024–2028 in light of Marx’s labor theory of value, explo- ring how the technological transformations of the Fourth Industrial Revolu- tion reshape value production, labor exploitation, and the strategies required to democratize the benefits of AI in Brazil. It adopts a critical approach that frames human labor as the central factor in value creation, even amid incre- asing automation and digitalization, in which context the Brazilian Artificial Intelligence Plan seeks to promote investments in infrastructure, educational training, and scientific research. In this regard, public policies that foster di- gital inclusion, universal internet access, and the reform of the educational system to meet the demands of the digital age become necessary in the face of the concentration of technological power in the hands of large global corpora- tions, which may further deepen social and technological inequalities.